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St.
Paul’s Cathedral
St. Paul's Cathedral raises its circular dome over London , this is the Cathedral is the main church of the British capital , and Westminster Abbey - a luxurious royal tomb and monastery church .
A little history
St. Paul's Cathedral was built on the sacred place where the Roman Empire was an ancient pagan goddess Diana Church , according to the legend at the same place was built the first Christian church in London. Documented that at the beginning of VII century Church of St. Paul, the patron and protector of the city already existed.
A terrible fire in 1666 destroyed the temple, he survived only in the images of the Middle Ages , the extant . The architecture of the temple combined several styles such as Norman and Romanesque , Gothic many elements . Such an abundance of styles testifies to repeated restructuring of the temple during the period from the XI to the XVI century , such adjustment, generally occurred after the fires , which often happened in those days .
Former St. Paul's Cathedral has the highest bell tower in Europe, the Middle Ages , its height reached 156 meters ( 520 feet). Modern building of the Cathedral was erected in 1675-1710 , respectively. Project architect Christopher Wren not only restored the cathedral burned , he created a completely new grandiose building , temple building the largest in Europe . Anglican church had to contend with the greatest Roman Catholic church - Rome St. Peter's Cathedral .
Initially, the project was much simpler and not on this scale , but Charles II and James II, and the higher clergy countries insisted on the construction and grand scale . But the architect , making during construction changes and adjustments , built the cathedral , which has significant differences from the project.
Architecture Council
Great colossal construction of the Cathedral , which is built by Christopher Wren , located on a hill , its height is more than 110 meters. Council did not even hide the modern high-rise building in London. Length Cathedral over 175.5 meters.
The cathedral has clearly matured proportions all the architectural details are harmoniously combined with each other . Round dome of concerns in its design to the most harmonious domes along the dome of Hagia Sophia of Constantinople and St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
The western facade is decorated with a two-tier portico , whose height is more than 30 meters , is equipped with ten pairs portico columns. The pediment is a sculpture of " The Conversion of Saul " author Francis Byrd. In the XVIII century, such monumental structures for England were a rarity . The main entrance to the cathedral is a monument to Queen Anne .
In the years 1706-1708 to both sides of the portico were added two bell towers . Bell South Tower is the largest in England , "Big Paul " as it is called , weighs sixteen tons.
Interior finishing and decoration of the Cathedral performed after 1860 , the altar and the space under the dome was decorated with mosaics on the " Gallery whisper " sculptures were installed .
Cathedral organ was made in 1694 , they are now considered one of the best in England.
One of the attractions and advantages of the Cathedral are masterfully executed all elements of decoration . This wonderful stone carvings and works perfectly wrought trims and delicate lattice. XVII century wooden benches themselves are works of art , the finest carving masters Gibbons decorating their recognized excellence.
Ascent 's Dome ( 521 step) , the amazing opportunity to consider the design of the dome. " Whispering gallery " is interesting for its unique acoustics , the words spoken in a whisper can be heard clearly on the opposite side at a distance of 32 meters. With Stone Gallery opens an unforgettable view of London .
Of the Cathedral are buried many of the greatest British, such as Admiral Nelson, the Duke of Wellington , who defeated Napoleon , Alexander Fleming , renowned scientist and bacteriologist . Here buried and architect Christopher Wren Cathedral .
St. Paul's fate spared even during the bombing of London during the period from 1940 to 1945 . In the period 2001-2005 in a large-scale restoration of the Cathedral .
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